{"product_id":"bc548-npn-transistor","title":"BC548 BC548 NPN TRANSISTOR in Pakistan","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBrief Description of BC548\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBC548 is a NPN transistor\u003c\/strong\u003e so the collector and emitter will be left open (Reverse biased) when the base pin is held at ground and will be closed (Forward biased) when a signal is provided to base pin.\u003cstrong\u003e BC548 has a gain value of 110 to 800\u003c\/strong\u003e, this value determines the amplification capacity of the transistor. The maximum amount of current that could flow through the Collector pin is 500mA, hence we cannot connect loads that consume more than 500mA using this transistor. To bias a transistor we have to supply current to base pin, this current (I\u003csub\u003eB\u003c\/sub\u003e) should be limited to 5mA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen this transistor is fully biased, it can allow a maximum of 500mA to flow across the collector and emitter. This stage is called Saturation Region and the typical voltage allowed across the Collector-Emitter (V­\u003csub\u003eCE\u003c\/sub\u003e) or Base-Emitter (V\u003csub\u003eBE\u003c\/sub\u003e) could be 200 and 900 mV respectively. When base current is removed the transistor becomes fully off, this stage is called as the Cut-off Region and the Base Emitter voltage could be around 660 mV.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBC548 Pin Configuration\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePin Number\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePin Name\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCollector\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCurrent flows in through collector\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBase\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eControls the biasing of transistor\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEmitter\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCurrent Drains out through emitter\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBC548 Transistor Features\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBi-Polar NPN Transistor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDC Current Gain (hFE) is 800 maximum\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eContinuous Collector current (IC) is 500mA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmitter Base Voltage (VBE) is 5V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBase Current(IB) is 5mA maximum\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAvailable in To-92 Package\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: Complete Technical Details can be found at the \u003cstrong\u003eBC548 transistor datasheet\u003c\/strong\u003e give at the end of this page.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBC548 as Switch\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0965\/3623\/2249\/files\/BC548-Transistor-As-Switch.png?v=1789233540\" alt=\"BC548 Transistor As Switch\" data-entity-type=\"file\" data-entity-uuid=\"25557776-b9f7-4d92-bdb6-7ac616952027\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhen a transistor is use as a switch\u003c\/strong\u003e it is operate in the Saturation and Cut-Off Region as explain above. As discuss a transistor will act as an Open switch during Forward Bias and as a closed switch during Reverse Bias, this biasing can be achieved by supplying the required amount of current to the base pin. As mentioned the biasing current should be maximum of 5mA. Anything more than 5mA will kill the Transistor; hence a resistor is always added in series with base pin to limit the current. The value of this resistor (R\u003csub\u003eB\u003c\/sub\u003e) can be calculated using below formula.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003eR\u003csub\u003eB\u003c\/sub\u003e = V\u003csub\u003eBE\u003c\/sub\u003e \/ I\u003csub\u003eB\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/pre\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhere, the value of V\u003csub\u003eBE\u003c\/sub\u003e should be 5V for BC548 and the Base current (I\u003csub\u003eB\u003c\/sub\u003e depends on the Collector current (I\u003csub\u003eC\u003c\/sub\u003e). The value of I\u003csub\u003eB\u003c\/sub\u003e should not exceed 5mA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBC547 as Amplifier\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA Transistors acts as an Amplifier\u003c\/strong\u003e when operating in Active Region. It can amplify power, voltage and current at different configurations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome of the configurations used in amplifier circuits are\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommon emitter amplifier\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e collector amplifier\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommon base amplifier\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf the above types common emitter type is the popular and mostly used configuration. When used as an Amplifier the DC current gain of the Transistor can be calculated by using the below formulae\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003eDC Current Gain = Collector Current (I\u003csub\u003eC\u003c\/sub\u003e) \/ Base Current (I\u003csub\u003eB\u003c\/sub\u003e)\u003c\/pre\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDatasheet\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0965\/3623\/2249\/files\/BC548_Transitor_Datasheet.pdf?v=1789233546\"\u003ehttps:\/\/components101.com\/sites\/default\/files\/component_datasheet\/BC548%20Transitor%20Datasheet.pdf\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDriver Modules like Relay Driver, LED driver etc..\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAmplifier modules like Audio amplifiers, signal Amplifier etc..\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDarlington pair\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2D model\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are designing a PCB or Perf board with this component then the following picture from the Datasheet will be useful to know its package type and dimensions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0965\/3623\/2249\/files\/BC548-Transistor-Dimensions.png?v=1789233544\" alt=\"BC548 Transistor Dimensions\" data-entity-type=\"file\" data-entity-uuid=\"8163a8f4-0cdd-4c35-bc69-07d45dc20ace\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Electronics Hub","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54466803401017,"sku":"product-6261","price":5.0,"currency_code":"PKR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0965\/3623\/2249\/files\/bc548_lrg-1-1.jpg?v=1789233551","url":"https:\/\/electronicshub.pk\/products\/bc548-npn-transistor","provider":"Electronics Hub","version":"1.0","type":"link"}